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The Megalithic Monuments of Alcalar ((ポルトガル語:Monumentos Megalíticas de Alcalar)) are group of burial tombs, that comprise a Calcolithic necropolis, located in the civil parish of Mexilhoeira Grande, municipality of Portimão. ==History== During the 3rd millennium, a 10 hectare stretch of land, located at the end of a once navigable part of the Torre River became the centre of settlement. It was constructed on a hilltop along the Algarve's limestone coastal strip, in what became known as the settlement of Alcalar, approximately from Mexilhoeira Grande. It is likely that megalithic group that this area is known for, was constructed between 2000 and 1600 A.D., at the height of the Calcolithic period. Around 18 different megalithic tombs were constructed in the surrounding hills, forming a necropolis using different building techniques overtime.〔 In 1975, the State partially acquired Tholos 7.〔 The following year, a fence was constructed to protect the site.〔 In 1982, the State acquired the rural house called ''Courela das Minas'', and completed repairs to the fencing around the site.〔 During the 1990s, excavations of the monument and limestone sub-soils of ''Monte de Canelas'' was undertaken, resulting in the discovery that the space was used as ossuary, where various rituals were completed, mostly in the deceased buried in the fetal position.〔 These investigations culminated in the 8 April 1997 dispatch, on the enlargement of the area of protection by the Vice-presidency of the IPPAR.〔 On 23 October 1998, under the auspices of the ''Programa de Salvaguarda e Valorização do Conjunto Pré-histórico de Alcalar'' (''Program for the Safeguarding and Valorization of the Pre-historic monuments of Alcalar''), Dispatch 18 364/98, (published in the Diário da República, Series 2, 245), the State proceeded to expropriate the rural buildings in the centre of the civil parish of Mexilhoeira Grande (under article 160, secção J).〔 This was followed on 7 May 1999, under the same program, under Dispatch 9109/99 (published in the Diário da República, Serie 2, 106), the acquisition of the rural house Courela das Minas, under article 161, section J, for an interpretative centre, designed by João Santa-Rita. In 1998, the IPPAR was involved in work to restore the burial mound, providing access to the gallery of Tholos 7, recomposition of the megaliths, drainage of the spaces and adequate protection, which further involved the a geotectonic study of the site.〔 In October 2000, the ''Centro de Acolhimento e Interpretação dos Monumentos'' (''Interpretative and Study Centre''), constructed by the IPPAR, under the ''Programa de Salvaguarda e Valorização do Conjunto Pré-histórico de Alcalar'' was inaugurated to the public.〔 On 25 August 2008, the DRCAlgarve, proposed the extension of the zone of protection for the monuments.〔 This was supported, on 3 March 2009, by the consultative council of IGESPAR to the enlargement of the classification zone.〔 The Interpretative Centre was transferred, on 1 March 2012, from the management of the ''Direção Regional de Cultura do Algarve (DCRAlg)'' to a partnership with the municipal government of Portimão, becoming a nucleus of the local museum: it was, therefore, closed on for construction and rehabilitation.〔 Both entities were involved in a public works to benefit the tourist-viability of the site between 1–24 March 2012; archaeological excavations were extended to also consolidate the monuments, in particular Tholos 7, and geophysical analysis of monument 15.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Megalithic Monuments of Alcalar」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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